Silício foliar como estratégia complementar ao uso de inseticidas e fungicidas no manejo fitossanitário da cultura do trigo
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A cultura do trigo possui grande importância econômica e alimentar, porém, seu desempenho produtivo pode ser comprometido pela ocorrência de doenças foliares e insetos-praga ao longo do ciclo. Entre esses fatores, destacam-se o oídio, causado por Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, e os pulgões, que além do dano direto pela sucção de seiva também podem atuar como vetores de viroses. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito do silício associado ao manejo químico de pulgões e oídio na cultura do trigo, buscando verificar sua influência sobre variáveis fitossanitárias e produtivas. O estudo foi conduzido em dois ensaios independentes, ambos em delineamento de blocos ao acaso. No ensaio com pulgões, foram avaliados os tratamentos testemunha, imidacloprido + beta-ciflutrina, imidacloprido + beta ciflutrina + silício, metomil e metomil + silício. No ensaio com oídio, os tratamentos consistiram em testemunha sem aplicação, fungicida isolado, fungicida associado a uma aplicação de silício, fungicida associado às duas primeiras aplicações de silício, fungicida associado às três primeiras aplicações de silício e fungicida associado às quatro aplicações de silício realizadas no programa de controle. Foram analisados a população de pulgões por planta, a severidade do oídio ao longo do tempo, a área abaixo da curva de progresso da doença (AACPD), o peso hectolitro e a produtividade. No ensaio com pulgões, os inseticidas reduziram a infestação em relação à testemunha, e a associação com silício apresentou comportamento complementar, especialmente no tratamento com metomil + silício, que resultou na menor infestação observada. Além disso, mesmo com média inferior ao nível de controle tradicionalmente adotado, a testemunha apresentou menor produtividade, indicando que populações relativamente baixas já podem causar reflexos agronômicos. No ensaio com oídio, o manejo fungicida foi eficiente em reduzir a severidade da doença e a AACPD.
Wheat cultivation is of great economic and food security importance; however, its yield potential can be compromised by the occurrence of leaf diseases and insect pests throughout the growing cycle. Among these factors, powdery mildew—caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici—and aphids stand out; in addition to direct damage caused by sap sucking, aphids can also act as vectors for viral diseases. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of silicon combined with chemical management of aphids and powdery mildew in wheat cultivation, seeking to verify its influence on phytosanitary and yield-related variables. The study was conducted in two independent trials, both using a randomized block design. In the aphid trial, the following treatments were evaluated: control, imidacloprid + beta-cyfluthrin, imidacloprid + beta-cyfluthrin + silicon, methomyl, and methomyl + silicon. In the powdery mildew trial, the treatments consisted of a control without application, fungicide alone, fungicide combined with one application of silicon, fungicide combined with the first two applications of silicon, fungicide combined with the first three applications of silicon, and fungicide combined with the four applications of silicon carried out in the control program. The aphid population per plant, powdery mildew severity over time, area under the disease progression curve (AACPD), hectoliter weight, and yield were analyzed. In the aphid trial, the insecticides reduced infestation compared to the control, and the combination with silicon exhibited a complementary effect, especially in the methomyl + silicon treatment, which resulted in the lowest infestation observed. Furthermore, even with an average below the traditionally adopted control level, the control group showed lower yield, indicating that relatively low populations can already cause agronomic impacts. In the powdery mildew trial, fungicide management was effective in reducing disease severity and AACPD.
Wheat cultivation is of great economic and food security importance; however, its yield potential can be compromised by the occurrence of leaf diseases and insect pests throughout the growing cycle. Among these factors, powdery mildew—caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici—and aphids stand out; in addition to direct damage caused by sap sucking, aphids can also act as vectors for viral diseases. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of silicon combined with chemical management of aphids and powdery mildew in wheat cultivation, seeking to verify its influence on phytosanitary and yield-related variables. The study was conducted in two independent trials, both using a randomized block design. In the aphid trial, the following treatments were evaluated: control, imidacloprid + beta-cyfluthrin, imidacloprid + beta-cyfluthrin + silicon, methomyl, and methomyl + silicon. In the powdery mildew trial, the treatments consisted of a control without application, fungicide alone, fungicide combined with one application of silicon, fungicide combined with the first two applications of silicon, fungicide combined with the first three applications of silicon, and fungicide combined with the four applications of silicon carried out in the control program. The aphid population per plant, powdery mildew severity over time, area under the disease progression curve (AACPD), hectoliter weight, and yield were analyzed. In the aphid trial, the insecticides reduced infestation compared to the control, and the combination with silicon exhibited a complementary effect, especially in the methomyl + silicon treatment, which resulted in the lowest infestation observed. Furthermore, even with an average below the traditionally adopted control level, the control group showed lower yield, indicating that relatively low populations can already cause agronomic impacts. In the powdery mildew trial, fungicide management was effective in reducing disease severity and AACPD.
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FREITAS FILHO, Armestrong Davis de. Silício foliar como estratégia complementar ao uso de inseticidas e fungicidas no manejo fitossanitário da cultura do trigo, 2026. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação em Agronomia) - Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, 2026.
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